Importance of Troponin test

Troponin test is very important in diagnosis of myocardial infarctions. Troponin is a complex protein which consists of three components. Troponin is found in cardiac, smooth and skeletal muscles. Troponin is importance as a contractile component of the muscle.
Importance of Troponin test Importance of Troponin test Importance of Troponin test
Importance of Troponin test Importance of Troponin tes

Three types of Troponin can be found;
• Troponin C binds to calcium ions to produce a conformational change in TnI
• Troponin T binds to tropomyosin, interlocking them to form a troponin-tropomyosin complex
• Troponin I binds to actin in thin myofilaments to hold the troponin-tropomyosin complex in place
The most important thing of Troponin is that it’s importance as a diagnostic test for myocardial infarction. It is important to note that cardiac troponins are a marker of all heart muscle damage, not just myocardial infarction. Other conditions that directly or indirectly lead to heart muscle damage can also increase troponin levels.[2][3] Severe tachycardia (for example due to supraventricular tachycardia) in an individual with normal coronary arteries can also lead to increased troponins for example, presumably due to increased oxygen demand and inadequate supply to the heart muscle.
Cardiac troponin T and I are measured by immunoassay methods.[18]
• Due to patent regulations a single manufacturer (Boehringer Mannheim) distributes cTnT.
• A host of diagnostic companies make cTnI immunoassay methods available on many different immunoassay platforms

Raised troponin levels are prognostically important in many of the conditions in which they are used for diagnosis.In a community-based cohort study indicating the importance of silent cardiac damage, troponin I has been shown to predict mortality and first coronary heart disease event in men free from cardiovascular disease at baseline.
In patients with non-ST elevation ACS, the short-term odds of death are increased three- to eightfold for patients with an abnormal troponin test. Data from clinical trials suggest a lower prognostic value for troponin than do data from cohort studies.

Assessment of risk and appropriate management of patients with acute pulmonary embolism (PE) remains a challenge. Cardiac troponins I (cTnI) and T (cTnT) are reliable indicators of myocardial injury and may be associated with right ventricular dysfunction in PE.
After the loss of integrity of cardiac myocyte membranes, intracellular macromolecules (cardiac biologic markers) diffuse into the cardiac interstitium, lymphatics, and microvasculature; eventually, they are detected in the peripheral circulation. The release kinetics of the various cardiac biologic markers depend in part on their location in the myocyte, their molecular weight, and the route by which they are cleared from the circulation. Cardiac-specific troponins are useful not only because they come close to fulfilling many of the criteria for an ideal biologic marker, but also because they convey prognostic information and can help frame therapeutic decisions regarding patients with